Improvement in the manufacture of colors and their



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ALFRED PARAF, on NEW- YORK, Y.,- assreuon To EDWARD snail wron'rnusrn ,or [SAME rLAcE. v

Letters Patent lio. 110,217, mi December 20, 1870;

manure-MEN?! IN THE MANUFACTURE or 'coLoRs AND THEIR APPLICATION TO FABRICS.

-. u'ns Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part, of the some.

i To all w'hoin it'may concern Be it known that I, Airmen PARAF, 0f France,

now residing in the. city, county, and State of New 'York, have made an invention ofcertain new and useful Improvements in the'M'anui'acture and Application of Colors in the Operations of Printing and Dyeing Fabrics.

This invention is based upon the discovery that.

the coloring matter of many vegetable substancesl 'can be liberated from the other vegetable matter with which it is united'by the action of a class of .libmting salts, and they have the following charac- 'teristics, .viz;

First, they are mineral salts, as contradistinguished from organic salts. v

Second, they do not contain lime. Third, they are alkaline or neutral, ,not acid. I Fourth, they do not produce a chemical compound with the coloring matter.

Fifth, the acid of the. salt makes an insoluble com-1 'binat-ion with the base of the mol'dant that is used to fix the color in the fabric.

' Sixth, they liberate the coloring matter from the other vegetable matter with which it is combined, and put it in a suitable condition to combiuewith the mordaut. w

The colorliberatiugsalts which have thus far been used with success are the silicate of soda, the silicate of potash,- the arsenite of soda, the arsnite of. pot

ash, the phosphate of soda,.aud the phosphate of potash.

The relative quantities of the vegetable coloring material and color-liberating salts that are used may be varied as found expedient; but, in order that the invention may be" understood, I will proceed todescribe the mode in which it has been successfully used in printing and dyeing madder colors.

' For madder red, for printing cloth, boil together one part by weight of extractof madden; one part by -weight of solution of silicate of soda at 40 Baume;

two parts by-weight of'water. Boil for ten minutes.

Thicken the solution with three parts by weight of 'dextrine, and print in the usual manner with the print-color thus produced.

f For maddcr chocolate, for printing, add to the soflution for red, above stated, from one-tenth. to four- ,;tenths of one part by weight of -redprussiate of potash, according to the shade required.

Formadder violets, for printing, prepare a solution of color-liberating salts-in the following proportions: One part by weight of silicate of soda at 40 Baum; four parts byweight of water. Boiltogether. One part'by weight of extract of madder'; three parts by weight of the foregoing solution. Thicken the prodnot with three parts byweight of dextrine, and add one-fourth of one part of red prussiate of potash,

which is tobe dissolved in boiling water before being mixed with the other ingredients.

The cloths for printing should be prepared in the usual manner with the mordant for madder colors; that is to say, they should be padded with a mixture of 'three parts by weight of a solution ofacetate of alumina at 4 Banm,.and one'.part of a solution of acetate of lime at 4 Baum. The padded cloth should be aged until nearly'all theacetic acid has passed oii', when it is ready for printing. After the cloth has been printed it should be steamed for forty-'- five-minutes, as usual'with cloths that have been printed withmadder colors,. and should then be washed and soaped in the usual manner practiced with such printed cloths.-

The color-liberating salts which are preferredfor preparing dye-liquor for madder colors are the phosphate of soda and the phosphate of potash. The dye-liquor may be prepared by boiling together garancine and the'color-liberating salts in the following-proportions, yiz: For each pound of garancine use from two to four ounces of either of the above phosphates. Thephosphate should be dissolved in boiling water and then introduced into the dye-vat. Prepare the cloth as it is usually prepared for dyeing by the use of garancine, being careful to refrain from adding any lime, and dye in the usual manner.

"In. practicing the invention care must be taken that the vegetable dye materal which is to be treated with the color-liberating salts is either free from lime, or that such lime as it may contain is not in a condition to decompose the color-liberating salt that is tobe used. The easiest way to ins'ure this result is to treat the dye-material with weak. mnriatic acid in suflicientquautityto render the mass slightly acid. Subsequentwashing of the dye material is then unnecessary. g

In place of using an extract of madder for the man-' ufacture of printing-colors, garanciue may be used .for the purpose; and-in such case thegarancine must either be left-in the acid condition inwliich it exists before it has been washed, or it should be'rendered slightly acid by sprinkling and mixing it with weak muriatic acid. When'garancine is so used, two parts of it should be used ;in place pithe one part of extract previously mentioned. The-extract of. mad er that is used in preparing print-colors may be either a natural extract or the artificial extract.

The invention is not restricted to madder colors, but may be practiced in manufacturing colors of other vegetable dye materials and printing with them.

' Among such substances may be enumerated wood, sandal-wood, curcurma, anatto; quereitron, and Persian berry. 'lhe mordants used when printing or dyeing colors derived from these materials should be the same as are generally used to fix the several colors in the fabric. l

What is claimed as the invention to Letters Patent isbe secured by 1. The manufacture of colors, for printing and dyemg fibrous and textile articles, of coloring matter and a color-liberating salt, substantiallyas before set forth. 2. The process of applying colors to fibrous and textile articles by means of the coloring matter and a.

color-liberating salt, substantially as before set forth. In testimony whereof I have hereto set my hand this 29th day of October, A. D. 1870.

ALFRED PARAF.

Witnesses A. W. ADAMS, DARTED PARK. 

